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Eugene Zimmerman
Eugene "Zim" Zimmerman (Basel, 26 May 1862 - 26 March 1935) was a Swiss-American cartoonist.〔''Zim: the autobiography of Eugene Zimmerman'' Page 37 Eugene Zimmerman, Walter M. Brasch - 1988 "Chapter 1 ON MAY 26, 1862, IN BASEL, Switzerland, a country that would maintain its neutrality against the armies of Louis Napoleon's France and Otto von Bismarck's Germany, Eugene Zimmerman was born. His father was Joseph.."〕
==Early life==
He was born on May 23, 1862 in Basel, Switzerland. His mother died and he was sent to live with relatives in Alsace. In 1867 his father, who was a baker, and an older brother emigrated to the United States. In 1868 Zimmerman was placed on a ship and followed them.〔American national biography John Arthur Garraty, Mark Christopher Carnes, American Council of Learned Societies - 1999 Volume 24 - Page 246 935), cartoonist, was born Eugene Zimmerman in Basel, Switzerland, the second son of Joseph Zimmerman, a baker, and Amelie Klotz, who died in childbirth two years later. Unable to care for his three children and earn a living, Joseph .."〕
Poverty and restricted circumstances characterized his early years as he moved from relatives to working in different jobs. In 1877 he became an apprentice sign painter and continued in this line of work for several years, nurturing a desire to become a professional cartoonist. By copying the work of cartoonists, he acquired the skills necessary to gather a portfolio, which gained him an interview in May 1883 with Joseph Keppler, the director of ''Puck Magazine''. He was hired and began work at one of the most remarkable satirical magazines of the late 19th century. While he worked at ''Puck'', he supplemented his income with lucrative freelance work. In 1885 he dropped the last portion of his signature and became known as Zim.〔Art Wood Great Cartoonists: And Their Art - 2000 Page 124 "Zim was careful to emphasize the importance of detail in cartooning, particularly the drawing of hands and feet. Eugene "Zim" Zimmerman; Puck magazine "〕〔Jared Gardner Projections: Comics and the History of Twenty-First-Century 2012 ... - Page 198 "Other important and influential cartoonists in the illustrated weeklies were working with sequential narrative comics, including Eugene “Zim” Zimmerman at Puck and Judge, and F. P. W. “Chip” Bellew in Life. But Howarth, more than Zim and ..."〕
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